10 Common Symptoms of Pheochromocytoma

ByAgkidzone Staff

Updated: Sep 5, 2024

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Pheochromocytoma is a rare, non-cancerous tumor that develops in the adrenal glands, which sit atop the kidneys. These small glands play a big role in hormone production, affecting nearly every organ in the body. When a pheochromocytoma forms, it can disrupt normal hormone release, leading to an excess that causes various symptoms, most notably severe high blood pressure. This condition primarily affects adults between the ages of 20 and 50. While surgery to remove the tumor often normalizes blood pressure and alleviates symptoms, understanding the signs can help in early detection and treatment. Let’s explore the 10 most common symptoms of pheochromocytoma.

High Blood Pressure

High blood pressure, often dubbed the "silent killer," can sneak up without noticeable symptoms. Blood pressure refers to the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries. When this force is too high, it's known as hypertension. Pheochromocytoma can cause sudden spikes in blood pressure due to the overproduction of adrenaline and other hormones. While you may not always feel these changes, some people experience dizziness or facial flushing. It’s crucial to identify if a tumor is causing these fluctuations, as persistent high blood pressure can lead to serious cardiovascular problems.

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Rapid Heartbeat

A rapid heartbeat is another telltale sign of pheochromocytoma. This condition can make your heart race unexpectedly, a sensation often described as palpitations. You might feel your heart pounding, fluttering, or even skipping beats. Normally, an adult’s resting heart rate is between 60 and 100 beats per minute. If you consistently notice a rate above 100, especially when at rest, it could be linked to the excessive hormone production caused by a pheochromocytoma. Alongside a fast heartbeat, you might also experience dizziness or fainting spells.

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Excessive Sweating

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Severe Headaches

While headaches are common and can be caused by a variety of factors, the headaches associated with pheochromocytoma are often severe and resemble migraines. You might experience intense throbbing on one or both sides of your head, along with sensitivity to light, sound, and sometimes even blurred vision or visual disturbances like seeing spots. Nausea and vomiting can also occur. If you notice a pattern of debilitating headaches, especially when coupled with other symptoms like high blood pressure, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider.

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Tremors

Tremors, or involuntary shaking, can affect different parts of the body and are another symptom of pheochromocytoma. You might notice your hands trembling or feel a wobble in your voice. While tremors can result from various conditions, including nerve and brain issues, they can also be a direct side effect of the adrenaline surge caused by a pheochromocytoma. These tremors can occur suddenly and last for varying durations, causing discomfort and concern.

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Shortness of Breath

Shortness of breath, also known as dyspnea, is a sensation of not being able to breathe deeply or get enough air into your lungs. This symptom is commonly associated with pheochromocytoma because the excess hormones can cause rapid breathing and increased heart rate, leading to feelings of breathlessness. If you frequently experience shortness of breath along with other symptoms like chest pain or dizziness, it's important to seek medical advice, as it can indicate underlying adrenal gland issues.

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Blotchy Skin

Changes in skin appearance, such as blotchy or mottled patches, can sometimes be linked to pheochromocytoma. This condition can cause a pale complexion or patches of skin that turn red, dark red, or purple. These color changes are due to a narrowing of blood vessels near the skin’s surface, reducing oxygenated blood flow. The result is a mottled appearance, often on the extremities or even across the entire body in severe cases. Some people also experience a cold sensation in the affected areas, adding to the discomfort.

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Constipation

Constipation, characterized by infrequent or difficult bowel movements, can also be a symptom of pheochromocytoma. The hormonal imbalance caused by the tumor can affect digestive processes, making it hard to pass stool. If you find yourself going three or more days without a bowel movement, and it’s accompanied by abdominal discomfort or bloating, it could be related to the tumor's effect on your adrenal glands. Proper hydration and dietary adjustments might help, but consulting a doctor is crucial for persistent issues.

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Anxiety

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Weight Gain

Unexpected weight gain can sometimes be attributed to pheochromocytoma. The adrenal glands play a key role in regulating metabolism and hormone production. When these glands are overactive due to a tumor, it can lead to metabolic imbalances that promote fat storage and increase appetite. You may notice a craving for high-calorie foods, a decrease in energy levels, and difficulty losing weight. If weight gain is sudden and unexplained, particularly with other symptoms of pheochromocytoma, seeking medical advice is a smart move.

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