Common Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis

ByAgkidzone Staff

Updated: Oct 28, 2024

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Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a long-lasting condition that causes inflammation in the joints. While it can strike anyone, it's more commonly seen in older adults, and the chances of developing RA increase as you age. There's also a type called juvenile rheumatoid arthritis that affects children under 16. Interestingly, women are more likely to develop RA than men, and when men do, their symptoms tend to be more severe. RA often targets the joints in the hands, wrists, and feet first. As the disease advances, it can also make larger joints like the elbows, knees, and ankles stiff. RA happens when the immune system mistakenly attacks the joint linings, known as the synovium. Over time, this leads to thickening of the synovium, which damages the tendons and bones. Besides joint problems, RA can also impact other parts of the body, including the skin, heart, lungs, and kidneys.

Joint Swelling

One of the first Symptoms of RA is swelling in the joints. When the immune system goes on the offensive, the affected joints may appear puffy and red. These visual cues indicate inflammation but don't necessarily reflect how much the joints are inflamed. It's important to remember that joint swelling isn't unique to RA; other conditions like osteoarthritis can cause similar symptoms. However, if you notice persistent swelling, it's a good idea to consult a doctor to determine the cause.

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Painful or Tender Joints

Alongside swelling, joint pain is a common symptom of RA. This discomfort can make people hesitant to move, hoping to avoid the pain. But limiting movement can actually lead to a loss of range of motion over time. So, while it might seem counterintuitive, keeping your joints active is essential. If you're experiencing ongoing joint pain, especially in multiple areas, it's worth getting checked out to see what's going on.

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Joint Stiffness

A hallmark of RA is joint stiffness, particularly in the morning or after periods of rest. Unlike osteoarthritis, where pain worsens after activity, RA stiffness tends to improve with movement. However, it can take an hour or more for the stiffness to ease up once you start moving. This prolonged stiffness can make everyday tasks challenging, but regular gentle exercise can help reduce the symptoms. Staying active is key to maintaining joint flexibility.

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Fatigue

Feeling unusually tired? Fatigue is a symptom reported by over 90% of people with RA. Since RA is a systemic inflammatory disease, it causes the body to use up energy fighting itself, leaving you feeling drained. Even after a good night's sleep, you might still feel exhausted. To combat fatigue, it's important to maintain healthy sleep habits, eat a balanced diet, and engage in regular physical activity. These steps can help boost your energy levels.

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Weight Loss

Unexpected weight loss is another symptom of RA. There are several reasons for this. Some medications might reduce your appetite, and the body's increased energy use due to chronic inflammation can lead to shedding pounds unintentionally. Additionally, if RA affects your digestive system, it might impair nutrient absorption. On the flip side, some people may experience weight gain. Significant changes in weight can influence RA symptoms, so monitoring your weight is important for overall health.

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Skin Nodules

Doctors often look for small lumps under the skin called rheumatoid nodules. These can develop around joints like the fingers, wrists, elbows, toes, ankles, or knees. The presence of these nodules suggests that inflammation has extended beyond the joints to the skin. Not everyone with RA will have them, but if they are present, your doctor might perform a biopsy to help confirm the diagnosis. It's another piece of the puzzle in understanding your condition.

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Feeling Unwell (Malaise)

A general sense of not feeling well, known as malaise, can accompany RA. This feeling is more than just being tired; it's a lingering sense that something isn't right. It can be tied to fatigue and weight loss, leaving you feeling rundown and out of sorts. If you're experiencing this along with other symptoms, it's a good idea to seek medical advice. Early intervention can make a significant difference in managing RA.

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Flares

RA often comes with periods of increased symptom intensity, known as flares. These episodes involve heightened inflammation, leading to more pain and stiffness in the joints. Flares can be unpredictable and may alternate with times when symptoms are less severe. Managing stress, adhering to your treatment plan, and staying in touch with your healthcare provider can help you navigate these challenging periods. It's all about finding what works best for you.

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Dry, Red Eyes

RA can also affect the eyes, causing symptoms that range from mild to severe. You might experience dryness, a gritty feeling, or increased sensitivity to light. The immune system may attack the white part of the eyes (sclera), making them appear red and irritated. Inflammation can spread to other parts of the eye, potentially leading to serious conditions like glaucoma. If you notice any changes in your vision or eye comfort, it's important to consult an eye specialist promptly.

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