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Early Symptoms of Uterine Cancer Every Woman Should Know


ByAgkidzone Staff
Updated: Nov 6, 2024

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Uterine cancer affects the uterus, often referred to as the womb. There are two main types: endometrial cancer, which impacts the uterus's inner lining, and the rarer uterine sarcoma, which forms in the muscle wall. Endometrial cancer is much more common and is often called uterine cancer for simplicity. Both types share similar symptoms, so it’s important to know what to look out for.

Postmenopausal Bleeding
Menopause marks the end of a woman’s menstrual cycles, usually confirmed when there has been no period for a year. During this time, hormone levels drop, leading to irregular periods that eventually stop. Any bleeding after menopause, whether it’s a light spot or a heavier flow, is considered unusual. While many cases are harmless, about 10 percent of postmenopausal bleeding is linked to uterine cancer. So, if this happens, don’t wait—get it checked.
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Unusual Bleeding
Even for women who still have periods, uterine cancer can cause unusual bleeding. This may appear as bleeding between periods, spotting, or periods that are heavier than usual. While other conditions can cause abnormal bleeding, it’s always best to see a doctor to rule out any serious causes.
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Unusual Vaginal Discharge
Noticing any unusual vaginal discharge could be a red flag for uterine cancer, especially if it doesn’t seem related to the normal menstrual cycle. While some might think cancer-related discharge is always bloody, it isn’t. Even a clear or thin, white discharge could be a symptom, especially for postmenopausal women. If you spot something unusual, consider scheduling a checkup.
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Abdominal Pain and Pelvic Discomfort
Pelvic pain or lower abdominal discomfort can also signal uterine cancer. The pain level varies; some feel a vague, dull ache, while others experience sharper or cramp-like sensations. The discomfort often worsens during sexual intercourse and can become more intense if the cancer progresses.
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Painful or Difficult Urination
If urination becomes painful or difficult, it could point to uterine cancer. A larger tumor pressing on the bladder, or the spread of cancer cells to this area, can make urination challenging or uncomfortable. In more advanced cases, it might even lead to loss of bladder control. While many conditions could cause this symptom, seeing a doctor can provide peace of mind.
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Change in Bowel Habits
When uterine cancer spreads to the abdomen, it may cause changes in bowel habits. This varies from constipation to diarrhea. Other signs might include a change in stool size, needing to go more frequently, or feeling an urgent need to use the bathroom. These symptoms are more common in advanced stages of uterine cancer.
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Loss of Appetite
A noticeable decline in appetite is another potential symptom. Abdominal pain or a sense of fullness can make eating less appealing. Besides, hormonal and chemical changes in the body may also contribute to appetite loss in people with cancer. If a loss of appetite occurs with other symptoms, it’s worth checking with a healthcare professional.
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Unintentional Weight Loss
Weight loss without any clear cause is a possible sign of advanced uterine cancer. Often, this weight loss follows a reduced appetite and can be a clue that cancer has spread. Although many health issues can lead to unintentional weight loss, it’s wise to see a doctor if this happens.
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Other Signs of Uterine Cancer
Doctors may find other signs of uterine cancer during a checkup. With endometrial cancer, the uterus usually remains small and might not be noticeable through the abdomen. However, in cases of uterine sarcoma, the uterus can become enlarged and tender. Some patients with uterine sarcoma may also develop ascites, a fluid buildup in the abdomen, often indicating advanced or recurrent cancer.
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Risk Factors
If you experience any of these symptoms, especially if you have specific risk factors, it’s essential to take action. Factors that increase uterine cancer risk include type 2 diabetes, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a family history of endometrial cancer, using estrogen-only hormone replacement therapy after menopause, and older age, as uterine cancer is more common in menopausal women. Additionally, greater exposure to estrogen, due to factors like early menstruation, never having children, or late menopause, can elevate the risk.
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